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Volcanous

 

Kamchatka is a zone of modern volcanism; it has 30 active volcanoes, about 300 extinct and destroyed volcanoes, and more than 2500 cones, a great number of cold mineral and thermal hot springs and geysers. One of the most attractive places is the Eastern Volcanic Plateau with its highest in Eurasia volca noes. The highest point is the peak of Klyuchevskoy Volcano - 4750 m above sea level. Kamchatka has many sightseeing opportunities, but the stone torches of volcanoes are the most impressive and are the glory of this land. There are few places on the planet, where one can see so many volcanoes in one place. More ancient than the Eastern Range, the Sredinny volcanic belt (length 900 km) has 120 volcanoes and more than 1000 slag cones. There are only two active volcanoes in the Sredinny Range — Ichinsky and Khangar. The highest volcano of the Sredinny Range Ichinsky is 3621 m. Its dimensions, unusual shape, beauty, and the outcrops of the blue obsidian are visitor attractions. The approaching routes to the volcano are very difficult and only for experienced mountaineers. The Eastern Range (length 850 km) is a belt of young volcanism. It consists of more than 100 large volcanoes, 30 of them are active and 6 of them are the most active (Mutnovsky, Avachinsky, Karymsky, Klyuchevskoy, Bezymyanny, Shiveluch). The largest volcano in Eurasia is Klyuchevskaya Sopka (4750 m), and graces the skyline with a perfect classic cone-shape. Klyuchevskaya Sopka and the surrounding group of 12 volcanoes form the Klyuchevskoy Volcano Nature Park. Volcanoes are being born constantly. Kamchatka is a unique laboratory where one can observe this dynamic process. In 1975 - 1976 the whole world watched the birth of new Tolbachinskiy Volcanoes, as cones grew from clefts crawling off along the valley. Not far from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky a group of "domestic volcanoes" is located (Koryaksky — 3456 m, Avacha — 2751 m, Kozelsky—2190 m). Among them Avacha and and Koryaksky are active. Avacha last erupted in 1991 and constantly steams. Ascents of Avacha Volcano are very popular among the visitors and under the guidance of an experienced guide, one can hike to the top in 6—8 hours. In 1956-1957, Koryaksky Volcano experienced a moderate eruption. At the foot of these volcanoes residents of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky grow vegetables on rich volcanic soils near their summer cottages. Here also the famous "Bombyozhka" is located —a hilly valley covered with occasional volcanic bombs and is inexhaustibly rich in mushrooms, berries, and Japanese dwarf pine cones. The snow on the volcanoes doesn't thaw till the mid-July, giving skiers and snowboarders training areas even during summer on the slopes of Avachinsky and Kozelsky Volcanoes.

Another volcanic group which attracts visitors is the Mutnovsko-Gorelaya Group located 80 km south of Petropavlovsk- Kamchatsky on the south side of Avacha Bay. Mutnovsky Volcano has the one of the world's largest fumarole fields; and is one of the most active volcanoes in Kamchatka. Mutnovskaya Geothermal Power Station was built at the foot of this volcano. The route to Mutnovsky's crater provides an interesting and challenging route that can be dangerous, so one should start this trek only accompanied by an experienced guide. Gorely Volcano (1829 m) is located not far from the Mutnovsky. Shaped similar to the volcanoes of Hawaii, Goryely has about 10 craters; some of them are filled with volcanic lakes. Ascent of the volcano isn't difficult, and from the summit one looks out over an impressive moonscape. The last eruption of the volcano was in 1986. Karymsky, Bezymyanny and Shiveluch Volcanoes hold great interest for volcanologists because their extreme activity and constant birth of new volcanic forms demonstrate the geological formation of Kamchatka before scientists' eyes. Karymsky Volcano (1486 m) — is one of Kamchatka's most active volcanoes. It has a regular cone with twin craters at the peak with the dimensions of about 250 m. Karymsky has been constantly active since 1996. Bezymyanny Volcano (2882 m) — a lava dome continues to grow in the crater formed during the 1956 catastrophic eruption. Strong volcanic eruptions regularly occur since the late 1970's once or twice a year. The last eruption of the volcano was observed on June 19,2004. Shiveluch Volcano (3823 m) — the lava dome started to grow inside the crater in 1980; it continues growing, accompanied by separate ash outbursts and strong eruptions. The last eruption took place on May 10,2004.  Active volcanoes of Kamchatka: Ichinsky (3621 m), Khangar (2000 m), Klyuchevskoy (4750 m), Bezymyanny (2882 m), PloskyTolbachik (3085 m), Ushkovsky (3943 m), Shiveluch (3823 m), Kizimen (2485 m),Visoky (2153 m),Komarova (2070 m), Gamchen (2576 m), Kronotsky (3528 m), Krasheninnikov (1856 m), Kikhpinich (1552 m), Taunshits (2353 m), Maly Semyachik (1560 m), Karymsky (1486 m), Zhupanovsky (2958 m), Koryaksky (3456 m), Avachinsky (2751 m),0pala (2475 m),Gorely (1829m), Mutnovsky (2323 m), Khodutka (2090 m), Ksudach (1079 m), Zheltovsky (1953 m), Ilinsky (1578 m), Diky Greben (1079 m), Koshelevsky (1812m), and Kambalny (2156m).

 

 

 

 

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